Wind energy is generated using wind turbines. The wind rotates the turbine blades and this rotation drives a generator to generate electricity. Wind turbines are usually installed on open land or at sea and convert the wind's kinetic energy into electricity, providing a clean and renewable source of energy.

Energy efficiency is the practice of using less energy to produce the same amount of services or products. Energy efficiency minimizes environmental impacts while reducing energy consumption and costs. Efficient energy use reduces carbon emissions by reducing fossil fuel consumption and is important for a sustainable future.

Energy storage is the storage of generated energy for later use. This is important to address the imbalance between energy supply and demand. Common energy storage methods include lithium-ion batteries, lead-acid batteries, pumped hydroelectric storage and thermal energy storage. These systems help to provide continuous energy by stabilizing the fluctuations of renewable energy sources.

Solar energy is obtained by using photovoltaic (PV) panels to convert sunlight into electrical energy. When sunlight hits the panels, the semiconductor materials in the panels mobilize electrons and this movement creates an electric current. This current is converted into usable electrical energy.

Renewable energy refers to energy sources that are continuously replenished by natural processes. Sources such as solar, wind, hydroelectric, geothermal and biomass are examples of renewable energy. These forms of energy are inexhaustible and less damaging to the environment than fossil fuels.